Structure and Bonding
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چکیده
A molecule is formed by the combination of atoms and in the process they attain the electronic configuration of an inert gas. A chemical bond is formed as a result of attraction between the combining atoms. To explain the formation of bonds in diatomic molecules, such as H2, O2, N2, Cl2 etc., it was first suggested by G.N. Lewis that atoms of such molecules attain an inert gas electronic configuration by sharing one or more pairs of electrons, each atom contributing one or more electrons. The atoms are then held together by the shared pair(s) of electrons forming what is called a covalent bond. The structures in which the shared electrons are shown by dots were first used by Lewis and they are known as Lewis structures, and the system of using dashes to represent the shared electrons is due to Couper.
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